Historically, ethnic group divisions have made a central government difficult. This raised the percentage of hazaras in afghanistan from 8% in 1978 to 14% in 1987. The population of the country is divided into the following ethnolinguistic groups. A cultural and political history by thomas barfield is a learned, detailed, well written book by an anthropologist, not a historian. The difference between ethnicity and nationality can be drawn clearly on the following grounds. In 2017 afghanistans growth rate was only marginally above that. Anticorruption efforts in afghanistan code of ethics. Hazaras occupy the rugged central highlands regions in afghanistan.
Especially those that enjoy targeting afghanistan in order to disrupt its ethnic. Afghanistan traces the historic struggles and the changing nature of political. This report provides a brief overview of the various ethnic groups in. Pages in category ethnic groups in afghanistan the following 53 pages are in this category, out of 53 total. Available also through the library of congress web site as a raster image. Both in the text and in over a hundred illustrations, he identifies the major patterns of afghan history, society, and culture as they have developed from the stone age to the present. The population of afghanistan includes many different ethnic groups. Afghanistan ethnic origins and languages afghanistans web site. The princeton legacy library uses the latest printondemand technology to again make. William dalrymples top 10 books on afghanistan books the. The two labels contain significantly different cultural and historical content.
Religion tajiks ethnic groups tajiks is a a wide range of persianspeaking people. Afghanistan is a warzone, filled with treachery and hatred spewing from different ethnic groups. Afghan minority language editions books for afghanistan. For even the smallest communities in afghanistan there are detailed ethnographies available, including studies on pashai, kyrgyz, wakhi, arabs, jat including ghorbat and sheikh mohammadi, and ismailis. Afghanistan is a multiethnic and mostlytribal society. In discussing ethnic diversity in afghanistan, the author quotes abdul wali khan as saying during the. In may nato forces killed the top taliban field commander, mullah dadullah, but taliban forces mounted some guerrilla attacks on the outskirts of the capital and in the north during 2007. Proposal afghanistans national anthem identifies 14 cultural groupings among the list of the nation 27 million individuals.
Afghanistans ethnic divides abubakar siddique senior correspondent covering afghanistan and pakistan for rferls. Ethnicity race, ethnicity, and tribes in afghanistan. Even with this help, government of afghanistan still faces number of challenges, including low revenue collection, anemic job creation, high levels of corruption, weak government capacity, and poor public infrastructure. What is most remarkable in the study of afghanistans ethnic groups is the disparity in who gets studied and who does not. William dalrymples top 10 books on afghanistan from 16thcentury mughal rulers, to daring victorian spies and todays taliban, the travel writer and historian picks his favourites from a rich. The social organization of culture difference fredrik barth on. Most people in the united states have ancestors who came from somewhere else, often from multiple places. Ethnic groups in afghanistan simple english wikipedia, the. They look different and practise a different school of islam in a country that is prone to. Only about 31% of the adult population over 15 years of age can read, and female literacy levels are on average only 17%. Afghanistan is comprised of a lot of different ethnics off the top of my head.
As thomas barfield points out in his book, afghanistan. Afghanistan does not officially recognize the modern pakistanafghanistan border. Tajiks are believed to have iranian origins, and are also referred to as farsi. Pashtun, tajik and hazara are the most populous groups in afghanistan. Turkmen are a minority in afghanistan they can also be found near. In 2017 afghanistan s growth rate was only marginally above that of the 20142016 average. Ethnicity actually brings out a major conflict of the story. Thus we are privileged to see the landscape, the people, and rulers, the events through different eyes. The tool used to assess the availability of studies on afghanistans ethnic groups is the most recent edition of the afghanistan analyst bibliography, which covers sources from the late 1950s to the present.
A comprehensive az study of the history of conflict in afghanistan from 1747 to the present. Afghanistan ethnic map 2005 afghanistan is a multiethnic country the ethnic groups are such as. The study and understudy of afghanistans ethnic groups. Pashtun culture pashtuns are the most common out of all the different ethnic groups in afghanistan. This, accordingly, lowered the percentage of pashtuns in afghanistans population and raised the percentages of the countrys other ethnic groups until the mid1990s when many of the refugees returned. Their homeland lies south of the hindu kush, but pashtun groups live in all parts of the country. History of ethnic relations in afghanistan, an outline essay 20 words 6 pages i. Two afghan nationals discuss ethnic groups in afghanistan. The hazaras now constitute about 9% of afghanistans. Pashtunspakhtuns indo european language tadjiks darifarsi persian speakers hazara mongol shiite dari speakers baluch indoeuropen baluch speakers brahui regarded as part of the baluch nation but speaking a dravidian language. Pashai, pashtuns, aimaq, tajiks, qizilbash, hazaras, brahuis, uzbeks, gujars, balochis, arabs, nooristanis, pamiris, as. Although soviet union occupation plays a role in the disaster, afghanistan has many different ethnic groups, resulting in the major struggles between them, which leads towards violence, and hatred.
Afghanistan and pakistan ethnic groups national geographic. Although afghanistans various ethnic factions disagreed about how the. This authoritative, clearly written volume covers all aspects of the conflicts that have taken place in afghanistan from 1747 to the present. As stated in the description, all ethnic groups of afghanistan with the exclusion of a few very minor groups with no photographs or much information available. Boundaries can be responsible for conflict in artificial states, countries where borders do not match the divisions desired by the people the kakwa are an ethnolinguistic group living divided among 3 countries in central and eastern africa. Afghanistan is a multilingual country with one of the lowest literacy rates in the world. This and rasanyaganams book are among the best ive read on afghanistan. His best friend and half brother, hassan, is hazara. The book begins with an introduction, an overview chapter on the afghans, and separate chapters on the history of the afghans, british relations with. Pashtuns make up an estimated 42% of the population of contemporary afghanistan. Lc land ownership maps, 1123 available also through the library of congress. Afghanistan is bordered by iran on the west, by pakistan on the east and south, and by turkmenistan, uzbekistan, and tajikistan on the north. Ethnic groups of afghanistan colonel by secondary school.
Albiruni referred to a group of afghans in the 11th century as various tribes living. Ethnicity denotes the persons ethnic identity, on the basis of descent attributes and cultural inheritance. Pashtun, tajik, hazara, uzbek, aymaq, turkmen, baloch, pashai, nuristani, gujjar, arab, brahui, pamiri and a few others. A complete good is something that is never undertaken for the sake of something. Barfields book will become the single best source on afghan history and. Afghan ethnicities presentation notes flashcards quizlet. The races, ethnicities, and tribes of afghanistan are a major conflict in the kite runner, by khaled hosseini. With different ethnics groups in afghanistan along with the taliban and alqaida it is going to be a long road ahead for peace and democracy to take place. Ethnicity or identity, known as qawm in afghanistan, is not only defined by a common cultural or genetic group, but also by tribes, families, and geographic regions. Afghans confront sensitive issue of ethnicity afghanistan is set to issue new national ids that will have a persons ethnicity embedded in it electronically but not printed on it. The book contains nothing about the nomads of afghanistan. History of ethnic relations in afghanistan, an outline essay. Afghanistan traces the historic struggles and the changing nature of political authority.
Ethnic groups of afghanistan by yoda noori on prezi. Uganda, south sudan and parts of the democratic republic of congo. Raisa masud and yelda nuri turkmen hazara make up about 20% of the population of afghanistan of mongolian descent sunni muslim have been massacred for ethnic cleansing. Ethnic groups in afghanistan ethnic group 20042014 estimate pashtun 42% tajik 27% of this 1% are qizilbash hazara 8% uzbek 9% aimaq 4% turkmen 3% baloch 2% others pashayi, nuristani, arab, brahui, pamiri, gurjar, etc. Afghanistans 2004 constitution recognizes 14 ethnic groups. The kite runner and the problem of racism and ethnicity. Obama makes surprise visit to afghanistan japan today. Above average book on afghanistan, lots of detail, lots of good analysis. On the other hand, nationality is the persons membership in the nation, which reveals the individuals relationship with the nation. Afghanistans ethnic diversity does not mean that the members of the different ethnic groups do not interact. Accordingly, this article will try to examine the root of ethnic prejudices and oppression among the afghan people in the novel and the reasons for their. He has spent the past decade researching and writing about security, political, humanitarian and cultural issues in pakistan, afghanistan, and the pashtun heartland along the border region where he was born.
The crisis and politics of ethnicity in afghanistan. Pashtun, tajik, hazara, uzbek, baloch, turkmen, nuristani, pamiri, arab, gujar, brahui, qizilbash, aimaq, and pashai. This presents a major challenge to the afghan ministry of education, and particularly regarding the education of women and girls who are often confined to home. An approximate distribution of the ethnic groups is shown in the chart below. Hazaras are the most discriminated ethnic groups in afghanistan and somehow around the world. Despite being of various ethnic groups, in a research poll that was conducted in 2009, 72% of the.
There is not going to be peace in afghanistan as long as the people do not have one common ground to stand and fight for. Minorsky and others, the name afghan appears in the 982 ce hududalalam geography book. Ethnic groups of the united states simple english wikipedia. History and conflict between ethnic groups in afghanistan. There is a substantial amount of intermarriage between the ethnic groups. The pashtuns pushtuns, who make up more then half the population, have traditionally been the dominant ethnic group. The troubled central asian country needs to develop a political system based on a panafghan vision. Other major tribes include the wardak, jaji, tani, jadran, mangal, khugiani, safi, mohmand and shinwari. Aristotle explains that since the good appears to be something different in medicine, generalship, and so on, then the highest good must be that for the sake of which the other things are done, and this good must be something complete. List of books and articles about afghan history online. Afghanistans ethnic diversity is also complicated by the fact that the afghan notion of ethnicity is different than the view commonly held in the west. There are many different ethnic groups in the united states.
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